Developing Positive Relationships for Child Wellbeing

Developing Positive Relationships for Child Wellbeing Recognise how positive relationships promote children’s well-being. Developing and maintaining positive relationships with parents and other professionals is imperative as children pick up on behaviours they have observed around them because are very impressionable and pick up on their surroundings. By professionals working together they can provide the best quality of service to children. Practitioners should build up a mutual trust and respect with all parties within an early year setting. Children observe the people around them behaving in various ways. This is in Individuals that are observed are called models. In society children are surrounded by many influential models, such as parents within the family, characters on children’s TV, friends within their peer group and teachers at school. These models provide examples of masculine and feminine behaviour to observe and imitate. (http://osclinks.com/624). There are many different relationships that need to be built within the early years setting. Children’s friendship- It’s important that children are encouraged to build friendships within an early years sitting this will allow them to feel more comfortable and enjoy learning and developing as individuals. Children are more confident when surrounded by other pupils as they are able to relate to them and build up a support system within their group of friends, this will help them develop into well rounded individuals and provide them vital skills for socialising which will help them later in life. Key worker relationship- Children should have a close relationship with their practitioners so they feel at ease knowing that they have someone they can trust and turn to, if a child feels comfortable with their key worker they will be able to go to them with any hardship they may feel, for example if a child is upset about anything within the setting they should be able to go to their key worker. Partnership with parents- The relationship between practitioners and parents is essential, communication is key between both parties and they will need to work closely in order to achieve the best possible outcome for all children. By practitioners and parents having a good relationship this makes it easier for the parents and children in being honest with each other. Parents will not feel at ease leaving their children unless they are completely satisfied and feel that the staff that their children are left with are honest and reliable. Vital information can be passed between parents and practitioners if there is a strong relationship and this will help with the development of the child should there be anything of concern that needs more attention, such as a child’s aversion to a certain toy due to fear. Colleague relationship- All the staff members within an early years setting need to have a good relationship in order to communicate and pass around information that is needed. For example when a key worker is not in for their shift, they will need to ensure that another staff member will need to be informed about the children’s needs that is in their care. All practitioners will need to trust each other in order to have an effective environment to work in. Multi-agency and integrated working- It’s essential that everyone working with the children and their families communicates well and understands their roles and responsibilities. A multi-agency is when professionals from different settings work together. A multi-agency approach is beneficial as professionals can share their information about the family’s needs with each other. It is fundamental that all professionals treat each other, parents and children with respect, make them feel welcomed and also comfort them if they are going through difficulties. A multi-agency is there to help parents and families through difficulties. An early years setting should cater for every parents needs as well as the children’s, for example if a parent has hearing impairments and can only communicate through sign language, it would be important to locate a key worker to their child who can use sign language if not have another member of staff that is able to sign. Also there may be parents to whom English will be their second language so to have someone interoperate will be necessary, this should be done both through verbal and written communication. Analyse the importance of the key worker system for children. A key person has the responsibility for working with a small number of children, giving them the reassurance to feel safe and cared for with the absence of their parents. At such an early age children are dependent on their parents, it is vital that the key worker develops a close relationship with their key children because they will be the first point of contact for the child and the family. Starting an early years setting can prove to be distressing for children, they are introduced to a new environment and new people this can be a lot to take in for children. Furthermore being left in the setting without their parents/guardians can result in the child experiencing separation anxiety, which can leave them feeling anxious, Erik Erikson, devised a theory of psychos social development. The first stage of his theory relates to children in their first years of life. Erikson believed that the quality of the care children in this age group receive depends on how well they develop trust in their carer. (Early Years Level 3-V1.0 page 32). In order for the practitioner to build trust with the child they will need to find out the child’s interest and know how to engage with them, make them feel comfortable, If a child is having difficulties settling in, they key worker should work alongside the child’s parents and have them in the classroom while the child can famili arise themselves with the setting and develop a bond with their key worker. If a child feels at ease with their key worker, it’ll help them become independent. Children’s independence is most obvious when they’re comfortable with their surroundings, such as when they are in their own home with family, or with friends and family and familiar carers such as a key person. (Practice Guidance for the Early Years Foundation stage) When the practitioner is first introduced to their key child they will usually lead the ‘settling in session’. This is the period where the parents get introduced to the key worker, this will give them a chance to discuss their child and any important information. This can vary from what the child can and cannot have to due to religious or health reasons, any medical problems and what procedures may need to be carried out, if the parents of the child are not in a relationship the key worker will need to be informed of the routine on who will collect the child on what day and who to contact in case of eme rgency. Some children may not respond well to settling in, many different circumstances can result in a child being distressed during this period. This is where the practitioner will have the duty to comfort them and make them feel at ease ‘Family linked in the literature to unemployment, divorce, financial difficulties and other stressors in family life, any and all of which can interfere with sensitive and consistent parenting’. (Child Development-Theory and Practice 0-11 Jonathan Doherty and Malcolm Hughes). Explain the benefit of building positive partnership with parents for children’s learning and development. One the most important relationship within an early years setting is the relationship between the practitioner and the parents, it is essential that they work together to achieve the best possible outcome for the child. Practitioners should regularly be communicating with the parents of their key child, this can be done in many different ways such as Open days, Parents evening, workshops and activities that involve the parents. It is imperative that every parent attend at open day, this will allow the parents to explore the environment their child will be in, get familiar with the staff in the setting, especially the key worker for their child. This will also allow the practitioner to familiarise themselves with the parent or carer of the child. All families are different some children may live with both or one of their parents, some may live with a foster parent or a carer or relatives and some with the same sex parents. This will give the practitioner an insight of the childâ€℠¢s background as well. Practitioners should consistently be communicating with the parents of their key children to ensure an effective way of working. For example if the child is struggling on a certain aspect of their activities in the classroom, the practitioner should discuss this with the parents and advise them on how to motivate and guide the child at home. Both the practitioner and the parent should concentrate specifically on bettering the skills of the child when approaching the activity that they may lack confidence in. Parents and practitioners can interlink to achieve a more productive and enthusiastic attitude from the child. A practitioner should welcome parents and inform them about all the activity is going to take place. If there any leaflets the practitioner has to give them to parents so that the parents are then aware of what is going on in the nursery. It is also very important that the practitioner and parents work as a team and provide a quality service for children for example if the teacher is planning out an activity for the children they can involve the parent in with the activity, as the parents have a better understanding of their children. They can work together and combine their knowledge in order to receive the best possible outcome for the children. It also paramount that practitioners respects all parents decisions on how they want to raise their child, practitioners should have a relationship where they can be open and honest with the parents but need to understand that the parents have the final say even though practitioners may not agree. Describe how to develop positive relationships within the early years settings, making reference to principles of effective communication. A multi-agency approach is beneficial as professionals can share their information about the family’s needs with each other. It is fundamental that all professionals treat each other, parents and children with respect, make them feel welcomed and also comfort them if they are going through difficulties. A multi-agency is there to help parents and families through difficulties. Professionals must respect parent’s spiritual beliefs, religion and accept them for who they are. Also ensuring there are no judgemental comments specified. A multi-agency is obliged to keep all information confidential and must remain between the professionals and parents and must not be discussed to an outsider. It is also important for practitioners to work together with the multi-agency team so they can identify the child’s needs through common assessments and then work together and take action on what services need to be provided to meet the child’s identified learning needs and in some cases some of the children’s needs cannot be met then they will have to decide what action needs to taken from there and then set a review date. In an early years setting it should be the staff’s main priority to have a good relationship with other settings such as doctor surgeries, social services, health visitors. Forming a relationship with external settings will allow the practitioners to communicate in any issues to achieve the best possible result, for an example, if a practitioner becomes aware of bruising on a child consistently and the parent is not responding to the practitioner’s concerns then they should consider contacting social services. As professionals it is required skill to understand and communicate with another member and share information for example if another organisation is offering some information then as a professional you are allowed to share it with individual, families, carers, groups and communities, it is a professionals job to make the parents feel comfortable with leaving their child in a child’s centre. Confidentiality is essential within the multi-agency team because the professionals have to keep the parents word confidential and make sure that they do not break the confidentiality policy. The EY requires that, ’confidential information and records about staff and children must be held securely and only accessible and available to those who have a right or professional need to see them’ By remaining professional and having good communication with everyone that has a part in the child’s life or development is essential. Confidentiality policy has to be maintained by a ll care setting practitioners. If parents are to be spoken to about their child’s progress or needs, then this must take place in a separate room to maintain confidentiality. Personal information about the children should not be left in an area where others can have access to it. However if information is to be breached the practitioner must ask the parents if they can pass this information on. A practitioner should always strive for high standards of care by following policies and procedures. The EYFS states the positive relationships and parents as partners. The practitioner should respect and achieve the best of their ability to provide a safe and welcoming environment.

Customer Satisfaction of Fast Food Chains Essay

Therefore, this study suspects whether other important variables exist in fast food industry consumer behavior patterns to support this result. This study tries to combine variables that are related to fast food industry characteristics, such as consumption frequency, perceived price and convenience, to propose an integrated model of customer satisfaction and loyalty in the fast food industry, and apply relationship inertia as the mediator to discover the major factors that impact customer satisfaction and loyalty in the fast food industry. This study has collected 594 effective questionnaires and applied structural equation modeling (SEM) to verify the various path relations of the study model. The study result found that in addition to being positively impacted by customer satisfaction, customer loyalty will be impacted by customer relationship inertia more. In the relationship of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty, customer relationship inertia plays a key mediator. In addition, perceived price has a negative impact on customer satisfaction and relationship inertia. Convenience will enhance customer satisfaction. Consumption frequency will enhance customer relationship inertia. Finally, this study expects to provide the study result to the fast food industry as a reference for enhancing the customer loyalty strategy. Key words: Customer satisfaction, relationship inertia, customer loyalty, convenience, perceived price. INTRODUCTION The enhancement of national income and the change of consumption habits have resulted in the rapid growth of the market scale in the service industry. In 2008, the average ratio of the global service industry accounted for over 60% of the overall Gross National Product (GNP), the average ration for major developed countries reached over 70%, and at the same time Taiwan also reached 73. 2% (Central Intelligence Agency, 2009). Taking Taiwan as an example, the total turnover of food retail was NT$261. billion in 2001, NT$302. 7 billion in 2006, and NT$321. 7 billion in 2009 (Ministry of Economic Affairs, R. O. C. , 2010). This indicates that the business scale of food retail has the gradual growth trend every year in Taiwan, and its market competition will inevitably become more intense. The fast food industry is the representative food retailer type in various countries. The overall fast food market in the US is expected to grow in the coming years and will cross the US$17 0 billion mark by 2010 (RNCOS, 2009). Corresponding author. E-mail: m9019011@chu. edu. tw Tel: +886-2-28102292. Fax: +886-2-2810-6688. Cheng et al. 5119 The fast food industry in Asia’s major countries, such as China, Japan, Korea and Taiwan can also create a production value over US$1 billion every year (Report buyer, 2009). However, occasionally, there will be some negative food safety events, such as the frying oil containing arsenic, and the beef event (Taiwan news, 2010), which will impact the image and performance of the corporation. However, after the storm has passed, the sales performance of fast food industry can all rise rapidly. This result, in addition to the response management of when the industry has a great crisis, is also a worthy exploration issue of consumers’ purchasing behavior in the fast food industry. For the service industry, the cost of developing a new customer is at least 5 to 9 times the cost to maintain an old customer (Raphel and Raphel, 1995). How to enhance customer satisfaction and customer loyalty will be the important factor that impacts the operating performance of the food retailer. Past studies indicate that customer loyalty will be positively impacted by customer satisfaction (Fornell, 1992; Gwinner et al. , 1998; HennigThurau et al. , 2002; Terblanche, 2006; Hsu, 2008). However, Bruhn and Grund (2000) pointed out that the factors that impact customer loyalty may have some other important factors which are not included in the consideration. Some scholars found that when customers benefit from the past frequent consumption behavior, relationship inertia will be formed, and the past consumer behavior will be continued (Ouellette and Wood, 1998), then there will be no strong motivation to look for alternative plans (Colgate and Danaher, 2000), and the service provider can therefore maintain the current relationship with the customer (Gounaris and Stathakopoulos, 2004). In the study of Carrasco et al. (2005), it also verified that in the consumption of food and service, consumers have the inertia behavior. In addition, consumers will have the habitual repeated purchase behavior due to convenient purchase or other factors (Heiens and Pleshko, 1997). When competitors offer a lower price, it will enhance the possibility of the customer changing the purchase behavior (Wathne et al. , 2001), and also undermine the consumer’s consumption inertia for the original company. The study found that there are three issues existing in the studies of customer purchasing behavior in the fast food industry: (1) Why can consumers rapidly return in such a short period of time after a fast food industry negative news outbreak, or even not be impacted at all. Therefore, regarding the factors that impact customer loyalty in the fast food industry, in addition to customer satisfaction, are there any other important impact factors? (2) The fast food industry is different from the general food retailer. It has the characteristics of being rapid, convenient, and having a low price; however, the commonly seen customer satisfaction model (e. g. American Customer Satisfaction Index; European Customer Customer Satisfaction Index) cannot really present these characteristics. 3) Inertial behavior exists in the food purchasing behavior (Carrasco et al. , 2005). However, there have been no scholars who have applied it to explore the relation between customer satisfaction and loyalty in the fast food industry. It can be seen that there is an important study gap that exists in the exploration of customer satisfaction and loyalty in the fast food industry; therefore, it creates the motive for the study to explore this issue. The major study purpose of the study is to integrate the related variables of fast food industry characteristics, such as consumption frequency, perceived price and convenience, and propose a customer satisfaction and loyalty integrated model for the fast food industry, and apply relationship inertia as the mediator to find out the major factor that impacted the customer satisfaction and loyalty in fast food industry, with the expectation to provide it as a reference for the fast food industry in developing the improvement strategy of customer satisfaction and customer loyalty. LITERATURE REVIEW Customer satisfaction The primary task of a corporation is to create customer satisfaction. Profit is not the most important result; after all, it is only the feedback after satisfying the customer (Drucker, 1954). As long as the customer is satisfied, the corporation’s profit will relatively increase. Along with the more and more intense market competition and the rise of consumer awareness, customer satisfaction has a significant impact on corporate profits, and it can provide the future product or service quality of the corporation as a reference according the past consumption experience and assessment of customers. Therefore, customer satisfaction has become a recognized index which can be broadly applied in measuring customer consumption behavior. Customer satisfaction is regarded as customers can get more benefits than their cost (Liu and Yen, 2010). Different scholars’ definitions for customer satisfaction can be summarized as follows: Oliver (1981) thinks that customer satisfaction is the comments made by the surprising experience of product obtainment or consumption. Fornell (1992) pointed out that customer satisfaction is the overall measurement after a customer has purchased the product or used the service. It is the overall attitude created based on experience, which is the comparison of before (expectation) and after (feeling) the customer received the service (product). If the actual feeling after receiving the service exceeded the expectation before receiving the service, then the customer will be satisfied; if it is to the contrary, the customer will not be satisfied. 5120 Afr. J. Bus. Manage. In addition, Kotler (1997) thinks that customer satisfaction is a person’s happiness or disappointment, which is formed by comparing his/her perceived product performance (or result) and his/her product expectation. To be more specific, satisfaction is the function of perceived performance and expectation. Lin (2007) pointed out that good service quality will indeed satisfy the diversified demands of the customer, which means customer satisfaction is the overall assessment of products and services processed by customers according to the past experience. When the actual service result provided by the service provider is higher than the customer service expectation, then the customer will be very satisfied; if it is to the contrary, the customer will be very dissatisfied (Joewono and Kubota, 2007). In addition, Fornell et al. (1996) pointed out that the measurement of customer satisfaction can be divided into the overall satisfaction level of a customer on a corporation, the difference between expectation and actual feeling, and the difference between actual feeling and ideal perfect service (product). Combining all of the above-mentioned scholars’ dissertations, customer satisfaction is the result of comparing customer expectation and experience. Therefore, the study will refer to the perspective and measurement dimension of Fornell et al. (1996) as the basis for measuring food retailer satisfaction. Customer loyalty For the service industry, the cost of developing a new customer is at least 5 to 9 times the cost to maintain an old customer. If the customer loyalty can be increased 5% effectively, then 25-85% profit can be increased (Raphel and Raphel, 1995). Therefore, if the service industry wants to reduce the expenditures on money and time cost, it shall focus on maintaining customers, not obtaining new customers (Oliver, 1999). It will bring a long-term or short-term profit by maintaining a long-term relationship with the customer, because maintaining long-term relationship refers to keeping the customer and obtaining his/her loyalty (Ranaweera and Prabhu, 2003). It can be seen that the importance of customer loyalty establishment on the service industry operation cannot be understated. If the food service industry can keep the customer and make him/her a loyal customer, then it will also be able to bring long-term operating efficiency. Dick and Basu (1994) pointed out that customer loyalty can be divided into true loyalty, false loyalty, potential loyalty and no loyalty according to the strength level of the relationship between the personal attitude and repurchase behavior. Schneider and Bowen (1999) pointed out that customer loyalty refers to a customer’s possible repurchase behavior, and willingness to become a member of the service institution. Neal (1999) thinks that customer loyalty is the performance of a consumer still choosing the same product or service after comparing it with other competitor’s products with the premise that the competitive product can be easily purchased, and it will go through the four stages of perceived loyalty, emotional loyalty, intentional loyalty and action loyalty (Oliver, 1999). In the measurement of customer loyalty, Zeithaml et al. 1996) pointed out that the measurement items of customer loyalty in customer behavior intention include: repurchase after the price has increased (price tolerance), priority purchase and recommendation. Fornell et al. (1996) thinks that customer loyalty can be measured by the repurchase will and customer price tolerance. Gronholdt et al. (2000) pointed out that customer loy alty be constructed by the four measurement indexes of the repurchase will, the will of recommending the company or brand to others, price tolerance and cross-purchase will of the customer. Finally, the study mainly refers to the perspectives of Fornell et al. (1996) and Zeithaml et al. (1996) and the service characteristics of the food retailer to summarize the measurement method of customer loyalty in the behavior dimension of the four measurement indexes, which are repurchase will, recommending to others, price tolerance and priority repurchase. Relationship inertia Relationship inertia is a fixed consumption pattern. With all consumption, customers will purchase the same product because of habit, without the need to spend energy or time to think too much during the decision making process (Assael, 1998). The reason for this type of consumer purchasing the same brand or purchasing the same product repeatedly is that they feel comfortable due to not having to make new choices. When purchasing the same brand again, it can save time, and by being familiar with the brand, there will be no sense of difference, and also can reduce the perceived risk (Bloemer and Kasper, 1994). Dick and Basu (1994) pointed out that the false loyalty in customer loyalty has the characteristic of low preference attitude, and high repeat purchase rate, and inertia is a kind of false loyalty performance. In addition, Oliver (1999) pointed out that after the consumer decides to be on the relationship inertia track of action loyalty with a brand, then the previous assessment, trial and elimination in the consumption process can be removed, therefore, relationship inertia is the performance of action loyalty. Colgate and Danaher (2000) proposed that relationship inertia is the basis of human nature. When the customer is used to a specific thing, he/she will not have the motive that is too strong to look for alternatives plans, which means habit is an automatic behavioral tendency responding to a person’s past development (Limayem and Hirt, 2003). In other words, inertia is a specific future behavioral intension a person usually does and also Cheng et al. 5121 shows, which allows the current behavior to continue. Therefore people will continue and repeatedly do things in the way they are used to. Inertia is guided by rapid, easy, and the least attention grabbing perceived process, and can be a parallel processed with other activities, which does not have further thought or rational analysis on their behavior, and is just based on the habit (Ouellette and Wood, 1998; Gefen, 2003). After combining the aforementioned perspectives and the characteristics of food retail, the study defines the relationship inertia of the fast food industry customer as: customers often form a dependent and characteristic relationship with a specific food or service quality with their own habit factor. They will not have a motive that is too strong to look for alternative food service. Gremler (1995) defined relationship inertia as the inertial behavior during repeat purchase of consumers avoiding decision making and having high-repeatable visits. Therefore, â€Å"If there are no other reasons, the original store service will still be chosen†, â€Å"Unless I’m not satisfied, the original store service will still be chosen†, and â€Å"It is most unlikely for me to shop in the store† are used to measure relationship inertia. Carrasco et al. (2005) applied Panel data to view whether the customers’ consumption behavior has inertia, and found that indeed there is inertia behavior for consumers in the food and service consumption. From the abovementioned studies, the study refers to the perspectives of many scholars (Gremler, 1995; Gefen, 2003; Carrasco et al. , 2005) and combines them with the consumer characteristics of the fast food industry, and derived five items to measure the customer relationship inertia of the fast food industry. The items are respectively the fast food store visit inertia, familiarity, impression, will of continuous selection and will of enjoying to consume in this store. characteristics. It can be known from the abovementioned scholars’ perspectives that past frequency is often applied in measuring customer behavior intention, and to further understand consumer future behavior intention. With the frequency exploration of the abovementioned scholars, the study will apply the store consumption frequency at a specific time to measure the food consumption frequency. Perceived price Since the operating environment of the service industry changes rapidly, service industry suppliers often apply the method of reducing service quality to correspond to the dilemma of little profit, which therefore results in the lose-lose predicament of consumers and suppliers. From the consumer perspective, price is the amount which needs to be paid for the consumer to obtain the product (Hawkins et al. , 1983), or the price that the consumer must give up or sacrifice to obtain a product (Zeithaml, 1998).

Alcoholism A Common Co Occurring Disorder - 1628 Words

Alcoholism Alcohol is the most commonly abused drug in the United States. Alcohol abuse is defined as a pattern of drinking that results in failure to fulfill responsibilities at work, school, or home; drinking in dangerous situations; having recurring alcohol-related legal problems; and continued use despite having medical, social, family, or interpersonal problems caused by or worsened by drinking (APA, 1994). Approximately fourteen percent of people experience alcohol dependence at some point during their lives (Kessler et al., 1997). Alcohol dependence refers to a more serious kind of alcohol use disorder and involves three or more of the following: tolerance, withdrawal, drinking more over a longer period of time, inability to cut down or stop, spending a great deal of time drinking, and giving up important social, recreational or occupational activities (Cunha, 2014). Co-occurring Disorder Bipolar disorder and alcoholism is a common co-occurring disorder. 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Pros And Cons Of Being A Teenager - 761 Words

I’m a simple guy but being a teenager is not what it’s cracked up to be. There are pros and cons on being a teenager and I am going to talk about them. I still remember when I first woke up on my thirteenth birthday I thought I was ready for a whole new chapter in my life in my head I thought to myself â€Å"I’m thirteen already!† and I thought my life was going to change big time, I was completely wrong. A few months passed and nothing has changed, I thought I would be able to stay out late, go to parties but I was just in over my head. 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You could tell because he was quiet and barely talked at all and he had a scared face like he been through something and after his story I told him he doesn’t have to worry about any of that stuff here at MSA. He said he tried his hardest to fit in with the other kids but he just stood out and eventually he stopped trying to fit in so he that he was on his own and that was extremely sad when he told me but since that dad we became good friends. That’s sad to me when you are trying to fit in and stuff like that happens.I can only think of one cons on being a teenager and that’s being able to get your license! Being able to get your license opens a lot of doors for a lot of teens. To me having my license is freedom but like i said before not everyone is the same. Some teens canShow MoreRelatedPro And Cons Of Social Media1168 Words   |  5 Pagesothers assert that the cons outweigh the pros. 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The use of cell phones has become especially popular among teens as it is a major part of teenage social life. One source states that â€Å"22 percent of children ages 6 to 9 own a cell phone; 60 percent of tweensRead MoreShould Marijuana Be Legalized?935 Words   |  4 PagesI never dreamed that one-day people could walk into a retail store and buy marijuana! The states of Colorado and Washington are already allowing this (Pro Con 2014 p.20). I feel strongly that the drug marijuana should not be legalized. Marijuana is classified as a Schedule I drug (Pro Con 2014 p.19). When Colorado legalized this their â€Å"state went from the healthiest in the nation to one with thousands of mostly young adults in need of medical treatment (Congressional 2014 p.5). To me this isRead MoreThe Effects Of Music On The Music Industry1555 Words   |  7 Pagesgenerations have increased their interest to music. Especially the teenagers that can listen to music for twenty four hours and seven days a week . And as many people know, music can easily impact people and specially teenagers as most of them start undergoing puberty. So uncensored music can push teenagers to commit stupid actions, without even knowing the consequences of that action. Lloyd in his article describes what music can do to teenagers by writing â€Å"It has one appeal only, a barbaric appeal, toRead MoreCase 7,81001 Words   |  5 PagesLatin America, Asia) Pro: High penetration in U.S. market. Con: Low penetration in its mother continent. The profit margin for Ahold’s U.S. division is 5.7 percent, while the profit margin for the European division is only 3.9 percent of sales. Pro: High international experience. 34 years since the first acquisition in the United Sates, Bi Lo. Pro: â€Å"No other European retailer has been as successful in entering the U.S. market as Ahold.† Pro: E-commerce. 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Smoking isn’t a problem with teenagers anymore because most of them have had classes about smoking, the price has risen, and it has horrible effects to your body. The first reason why smoking isn’t a problem among teens is they care aboutRead MoreNegative Effects Of Teenage Abortion1503 Words   |  7 Pagestake. She does not only worry about how her decisions will influence her life, but as well as her child. Teenagers always take on their decision making without understanding the effects on them and their lives. About a quarter of all teenage pregnancies in the U.S. end in abortion. Teenage abortion is increasing a lot because teenage mother’s fear of not meeting their families standard and not being able to excel in their education. Also, they are not mentally prepared to have a child because they are

Mini Essay on Family Relations - 578 Words

Mini Essay on Family Relations A family is a connection between people either by adoption, blood or marriage. In the three stories read in class many of the family members are emotionally detached from each other. Emotional detachment is when a person avoids making connections with those in his/her personal and social round. The members in Louisa, Walter and Paul’s families show emotional detachment towards Louisa, Walter and Paul because their family members do not understand them nor do they want to. Louisa’s mother, from Shirley Jackson’s short story, â€Å"Louisa Please Come Home,† is emotionally detached from Louisa because she does not share a mother-daughter connection with her. Louisa’s mother continuously buys clothes for her even though she does not like them. Her â€Å"mother picked [the coat]† which she wants Louisa to wear (49). Admittedly, Louisa’s mother shows emotional detachment towards Louisa because she does not ask her daughter what she would like to wear. Moreover, Louisas mother should already know Louisas fashion sense. Most mothers know their childrens likes and dislikes because they love their children and do not want to upset them. Since Louisa’s family does not pay attention towards Louisa’s needs, she feels neglected. This pushes her to run away, which shows that Louisa’s family is not close enough to begin with. In fact, Louisas mother does not care for Louisa’s opinion and does not g ive her freedom of choice. Her mother’s behaviour leads Louisa to beShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper On Family And Marriage937 Words   |  4 PagesTaylor Relationships represented by marriage, and families are social structures that contribute to the survival of human beings. Neither marriage, nor family is dying. These patterns change only to benefit society, to provide stability. The structure function framework of values and purpose never changes. 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I am going to look at examples of print adverts and language specifically from TEAC Systems and compare them to rivals in the market place. In this essay I am going to look specifically at the interesting campaign running for TEAC stereo systems. The campaign is highlyRead MoreThe Taming Of The Shrew And Gil Junger s Film, Nineteen Things I Hate About You1193 Words   |  5 Pagesviewed and courted in the same time period. This is contrasted by Gil Junger’s 1999 appropriation, Ten Things I Hate About You, in which modern teenage life and relationships are explored, touching on these same issues in relation to gender roles in a modern context. In this essay I will compare the roles of men and women in each text, as well as considering the difference in the two societies in terms of money, relationships and social status. The obvious difference between the two texts is theRead MoreUniqlo Company Profile1141 Words   |  5 Pages  Race amp; Ethnicity: All races * Geographic Location: Urban area Psychographics * Perception: Recognize UNIQLO as top casual wear brand and believe that clothing is important element toward pleasant appearance * Learning: Friends and family, newspapers, internet,  environmental factors * Motivation amp; Needs: Casual wear that ensures high quality and nice design  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   * Attitude amp; Personality: Sensitive and passion in fashionRead MoreRelationship Between Native Americans And The British, French, Spanish, And Dutch1501 Words   |  7 Pagesshelter, these Native cultures found themselves disrupted, if not destroyed, by the European’s arrival. 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Thomas Hardy Free Essays

About the author Thomas Hardy was born in 1840 in Dorset, a rural county in the south-west of England. His father was a stonemason and the family were not well off. Hardy showed an early interest in books, however, and when he was sixteen, he began training as an architect in Dorchester. We will write a custom essay sample on Thomas Hardy or any similar topic only for you Order Now In 1862, he went to work in London, where he was able to compare city life with the customs and timeless ways of the country village where he grew up. He began writing in his spare time. In 1870, he met and fell in love with Emma Gifford, but they could not afford to marry. His fourth novel, Far From the Madding Crowd, published in 1874, was a big success. This allowed him to become a full-time writer and to marry. Hardy wrote several more novels, among them The Mayor of Casterbridge, published in 1886. He and Emma lived in Dorset, but they spent part of every year in London, where they mixed with literary people and Hardy was much admired. Although Hardys books were very popular, when Jude the Obscure appeared in 1896, people hated it. They thought it was an attack on marriage, and ound it shocking and immoral. Hardy turned to poetry and never wrote another novel. He died in 1928. Some biographers portray him as snobbish, mean and hateful towards women. Others believe he was a sensitive man who cared deeply about the human condition. Summary Young, poor Michael Henchard feels trapped by his wife and child and one night gets drunk at a fair and sells them to a stranger called Newson. Horrified by what he has done, he swears not to touch alcohol for twenty years. Eighteen years later he is the mayor of Casterbridge and a successtul businessman. Believing Newson is dead, is wife, Susan, and daughter, Elizabeth-Jane, arrive in c Pearson Education Limited 2008 Casterbridge to find Henchard because she has no money. He marries her again and they have a short happy life together. Farfrae, a young man with modern business ideas, arrives at the same time and becomes Henchard’s farm manager. Susan dies, and Henchard learns that Elizabeth-Jane is really Newson’s daughter. Henchard falls out with Farfrae, who sets up a rival business, and soon outdoes him. A woman from Henchard’s past, Lucetta, comes to Casterbridge. Henchard now wants to marry her, but she and Farfrae fall in love. Henchard’s business fails and he loses his house so he starts drinking again. Lucetta dies of shock after the local people make fun of her and Henchard in public. He sees that he will now lose his ‘daughter’ as well as everything else. He leaves Casterbridge on foot. He is penniless and has lost his family – Just as at the beginning of the story. ElizabethJane remains loyal to Henchard, but he dies before she can find him. Chapter 1: Henchard, a farm worker aged twenty, has a family, no Job and no home. He gets drunk and sells his wife and child for five guineas to a sailor named Newson t a fair. Devastated at what he has done, he looks for them without success. Henchard makes a solemn promise not to touch alcohol for twenty years. Chapter 2: Susan, widowed and poor, and her eighteenyear-old daughter, Elizabeth- Jane arrive in Casterbridge to find Henchard. She is relieved to find he is now the Mayor and a businessman who needs a corn manager for his growing business. Chapter 3: Henchard employs Farfrae, a handsome innovative Scotsman as corn manager and the business improves. He also meets Susan and devises a plan so that the townspeople do not find their marriage strange. He draws closer to Farfrae and tells him about his past; including a woman in Jersey he promised to marry. Chapter 4: Henchard marries Susan, but she is reluctant to have her daughter’s last name changed. He and Farfrae disagree publicly over a worker. Henchard is Jealous and organises a rival entertainment day to Farfrae’s, but it fails. Farfrae leaves him and sets up a rival business. Susan dies but leaves a letter with the truth about her daughter. Chapter 5†² Hencnard tells Elizabeth-Jane what happened at the fair twenty years ago but reads in Susan’s letter that she is really Newson’s daughter. He begins to treat her coldly, and even encourages Farfrae to see her. ElizabethJane meets a woman at her mother’s grave who is friendly and offers her to share her house. The Mayor of Casterbridge – Teacher’s notes of 5 Chapter 6: Lucetta, the woman from Jersey, has inherited property in Casterbridge and has employed Elizabeth-Jane as a housekeeper. Henchard tries to see her but they fail to meet. Farfrae calls in to see Elizabeth-Jane, who is out. He likes Lucetta and she loses interest in Henchard. Chapter 7: Henchard goes bankrupt because of the weather and his own impatience while Farfrae’s business ucceeds. Henchard realises he and Farfrae compete for Lucetta’s love, so he threatens her with making their past public so that she accepts his proposal of marriage. Chapter 8: Henchard agrees to postpone their wedding if Lucetta helps him buy some time to repay a debt to Grower. She cant because she has secretly married Farfrae and Grower acted as witness. Chapter 9: Henchard claims the letters from his safe, and reads them out to Farfrae without disclosing the sender. He promises Lucetta to give tham back to her and asks Jopp to deliver them. Chapter 10: Jopp asks Lucetta to help him become her usband’s manager but she refuses. In a pub, he reads out the letters to two women and they plan a skimmity-ride in town to scorn Lucetta and Henchard. Chapter 1 1: A member of the Royal family visits the town but Henchard is not allowed to greet him. Hurt, Henchard fghts Farfrae in a barn but cannot bring himself to kill him. Chapter 12: Henchard is back in town to see the ride. Farfrae does not see the ride because he is lured away from town but Lucetta dies of the shock. Chapter 13: Henchard and Elizabeth-Jane live together happily. Elizabeth-Jane and Farfrae renew their relationship and get married Newson returns and te s daughter the truth, which makes her very happy. Henchard leaves the town. Chapter 14: Elizabeth-Jane marries Farfrae and tries to find her father to take care of him but he dies before she can find him. The original text The novel first appeared serially, in twenty instalments, in 1886 in The Graphic, an English periodical and simultaneously in the United States. The book appeared as soon as the serial publication was complete but it differs a lot from the serial novel. It has been adapted for TV as a miniseries. Background and themes Where the story came from: Hardy claims the story as inspired by three actual events: the sale of a wife by her husband reported in a local newspaper, the uncertain harvests and the visit of Prince Albert, Queen Victoria’s husband, to Dorchester, the town upon which Casterbridge is based, in 1849. Fight with self: The main theme of the book is Henchard’s fight against two things: his own character and chance. As he fghts with himself, his actions and decisions affect other people’s lives, usually badly. He often allows negative feelings to overwhelm him – at the beginning when things seem so bad he sells his wife. He is lways honest in business, but not always kind; he is often impatient and quick to anger, but he is capable of great love and great loneliness. His complex character creates uncertainty in the reader – should we feel sorry for him or does he deserve everything that happens to him? Chance: Chance plays an important part throughout the story: the chance appearance of Newson in the tent when Henchard is trying to sell his wife; the rain that spoils Henchard’s fair; the August weather that ruins Henchard’s business; the chance meeting between Farfrae and Lucetta when they fall in love. Hardy believes that although Henchard is a powerful character, he is never fully in control of his life. Alcohol also has a role here. Henchard’s life improves when he stops drinking; as he devotes himself to work, builds a successful business and eventually becomes mayor. Once ne starts again, ne loses his pride and his Judgement. Traditional versus modern: The two men represent contrasting ways of life in the country. Henchard is traditional and old-fashioned. Farfrae is young and modern. Hardy was always fascinated by country customs and ways. He often includes strange country rituals like the skimmity-ride in his novels. They make useful plot devices and allow him to paint pictures of colourful but less important characters. He also uses them to reveal the conservative side of society, which can be very cruel to people who fall outside its strict rules of moral behaviour. Lucetta dies because of the skimmity Joke. This breaking of the moral code becomes a very important theme in Hardys later novels, which shocked the reading public and ended Hardys novel-writing career. Discussion activities Before reading 1 Group work: Students work in groups. Each group chooses an important person in their local community, e. g. factory owner, the mayor, the chief of police, a magistrate. They then decide on a terrible secret in the past of their character. They discuss the details of the secret without other students overhearing. The class then questions each group in turn to try and find out what the secret is. Groups have to answer as truthfully as they can. 2 Read carefully: Read the Introduction on pages Ev’ii. Make a chart of the events of Thomas Hardys life. Use these dates: 1840 1871 1886 1895 1913 1914 1928 Example: 1840 Thomas Hardy is born in Dorset. Chapter 1 While reading Pair work: (atter page 4) Michael is ottering his wite or a little money at the fair. Ask students in pairs to make a list of the things they could say to persuade Michael to keep quiet. 4 Discuss: (page 6) Michael makes a formal promise not to drink alcohol for twenty years. Ask students to discuss the following: How hard will this be for Michael? Have you ever made a promise that was hard to keep? After reading 9 Pair work: Henchard wants to persuade Farfrae to stay and work with him. How can he do this? Ask students in pairs to write down reasons why Farfrae should stay in Casterbridge. Then they prepare a short speech and give it to the rest of the class. Finally, have a class vote for the most convincing speech. 10 Discuss: Ask students to discuss the following: How do you think people in Casterbridge would react if they knew that the mayor had sold his wife twenty years before? How has this changed in present days? Are citizens’ decisions influenced by the private life of their authorities? Chapters 3-4 11 Discuss: Ask students to discuss the following: What about Farfrae has attracted Henchard? Why would he be interested in him? Guess: Tell students that eighteen years have passed after Henchard’s promise not to drink for twenty years. Ask students to guess what has become of Henchard’s life. Will he ever find his family again? 12 Write: (after Chapter 3) After he learns about Lucetta and Henchard, Farfrae advises him to write a letter to the young woman explaining to her why he is no longer available to keep his word and marry her. He even helps him do so. Ask students in pairs to write the letter from Henchard to Lucetta. 13 Role play: (page 21) Ask students to pretend they are ordinary townspeople at Henchard and Susan’s wedding. They are very surprised by the wedding. Ask them to role play the conversation in pairs. 4 Guess: (page 23) Farfrae and Elizabeth-Jane receive notes for a secret meeting in a barn. Neither of them has written the note for the other. Ask students to guess who may have wanted them to meet and therefore written the notes. What motive might that person have? 15 Discuss: (page 24) Henchard and Farfrae argue over how to treat a worker. Ask students to discuss how different their approaches to management are. How can they be described? If they were a worker, who would they prefer as a manager? Role play: Susan leaves the fair with the sailor. How do they feel? What do they say to each other as they alk along the road? Ask students to role play the conversation between them. Chapter 2 7 Discuss: (page 9) Ask students to discuss how Susan’s life might have been different if she had not left with the sailor eighteen years before. Would her life have been better? 8 Role play: (after read ing aloud the first paragraph on page 15) Casterbridge was a very quiet town in Hardys day. Communications with big cities like London and Portsmouth were slow and difficult. So when Farfrae arrives, a visitor from Scotland, it is a big event. Farfrae is in the bar at the King of Prussia. One student is Farfrae. Other students are customers. What do they ask him? Ask them to role play the conversation in small groups. 16 Group work: Put students in small groups. Ask them to discuss how these sets of relationships change in this section of the book: Susan and Henchard; Hencnard and Fartrae; Elizabeth-Jane and Fartrae; Elizabeth-Jane and Henchard. After their discussions, groups report back to the class. Chapters 5-6 17 Discuss: Ask students to discuss these questions with a partner. (a) Who is the Woman in black? b) The next chapter is called ‘Love at First Sight’. Which two characters will fall n love at first sight? 18 Group work: (page 33) Henchard has Just been told that he will not be offered the position of mayor again. Farfrae has been chosen instead. Ask students in groups to discuss which candidate would be a better mayor and to give reasons for their choice. Then they share their ideas with the class. 19 Role play: (page 35) Elizabeth-Jane is sitting by her mother’s grave, reading. A woman she has never met before approaches and they start talking. She tells her about her life before and after Casterbridge. Ask students in pairs to role play this conversation. Remind them the woman ends up hiring her as a housekeeper. 20 Discuss: (page 40) Will the new planting machine be good for the people of Casterbridge or bad? Ask students to take a minute and write arguments for and against new machinery. Then they share their ideas with other students. 27 Group work: Wealth (or the absence of it) plays an important role in the novel. For example, Hencnard’s interest in Lucetta grows now that she is wealthy and independent. Ask students to work in groups. Assign each group a character (Henchard, Susan, Lucetta, Elizabeth-Jane, Farfrae). Students discuss how money nd wealth have changed their character. Are they better off with money? Are they happier? Then they share their views. 21 Discuss: Elizabeth-Jane wonders why Lucetta did not trust her with the truth. Ask students in pairs or small groups to try to respond to this question. Then they compare their views with other students. Chapters 7-8 22 Guess: Ask students to discuss who the title of the chapter may refer to, when it comes to love. Who are the women involved? 23 Group work: (page 44) Ask students in small groups to list the mistakes or miscalculations Henchard made as regards his business. What did he do wrong? What shouldn’t he have done? What should he have done instead? Encourage them to give reasons for their answers. Then they share their lists with the rest of the class. Do they have similar ideas? 24 Discuss: Invite students to read aloud the incident on page 45 between the two drivers. Discuss with students how this incident reflects the wider situation between Henchard and Farfrae. Record ideas on the board. 25 Discuss: (page 47) Ask students to discuss the following questions: How does Henchard force Lucetta to agree to marry him? Was she right in accepting the proposal? Did she have any other way out? How will Farfrae feel about this? 26 Discuss: (page 53) Ask students to discuss the following questions in pairs or small groups: What emotions does Henchard feel when he learns of Lucetta’s marriage to Farfrae? Will he keep quiet about their past relationship? Then they snare their ideas wit n the rest ot the class. Chapters 9-10 28 Guess: Ask students to guess how Henchard might react to Lucetta’s rejection. 29 Pair work: (page 55) Ask students in pairs to discuss the following questions: How do Henchard’s and Farfrae’s management styles differ? What kind of manager would you like to have if you were an employee? 30 Role play: (page 59) Elizabeth-Jane stops Farfrae in the street and warns him about Henchard’s feelings but he does not take her seriously. Ask students to role play this conversation. 31 Discuss: (page 66) Mrs Cuxsom and Nance Mockridge plan the skimmity-ride after they listen to Jopp read out the letters. They want to teach Mrs Farfrae a lesson using an old tradition. Ask students to discuss the following: How would people in your country shame others today? 2 Group work: Students compare events in the lives f Henchard and Farfrae by making a good/bad list for each of the two men. Divide the class into four groups. Each group takes and completes one section of the list. Groups report back to the class, writing their ideas in list form on the board. As a follow-up, students write a paragraph comparing the fortunes of the two men. Chapters 11-12 33 Discuss: Farfrae has Just been offered the position of may or. Ask students to discuss these questions: Do you think he will agree? Why/why not? 34 Role play: Ask students to imagine that they are standing in the crowd watching the royal visit. How to cite Thomas Hardy, Papers

Brand Management Strategy of E-Commerce †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Brand Management Strategy of E-Commerce study of Amazon. Answer: Introduction Brand There is a difference between marketing and branding it is not a synonymous term. Brand is the image the identity of the organization whereas marketing is the process by which organization creates awareness about the brand presence and how will be affecting the target customers. Branding is the basis of marketing, the tactical panning of marketing is dependent on the branding strategies of the company. The growing competition in the market it is important for a business organization to be unique and to be able to stand out from the crowd. This is why branding is imperative for a business.The brand is a name that provides identity to the product or service just like an individual. A brand includes a motto, a logo and color scheme that will draw the attention of the consumer towards the product or the service (Cravens and Piercy 2006). A brand is what makes a product or service unique in its market. A brand is what consumers look up to for quality and price assurance from time to time. A customer is always loyal to a brand. It is defiantly the most important duty of the organization to offer a quality product or service but smart and branding is usually what drives a company to flourish (Hollensen 2015). Some of the features of a successful brand are: simple and uncomplicated name that is easy to recall by the target potential customer, the name should be unique and distinctive in na ture so that it is easily distinguished from the competitors in the industry, it should have a logo etc. Consistency in a brand is one of the main features that the organization needs to keep in mind. There is a certain perception of a brand in the minds of the people, this perception gives rise to expectation and the brand in order to keep up the good will or create goodwill should always be consistent in nature (forbes.com 2017). Brand marketing strategy In order to achieve set goals and to create a successful brand marketing strategy are implemented for the long term betterment of the organization. To increase the awareness of the brand several marketing plans and strategies are implemented by the company. The first step towards marketing a brand is the set a concert definition of the brand this definition will help build a perception on the minds of the consumers which in return will develop the retention value of the brand in the minds of the people. Some of the key features of branding strategies are: to be purposeful and have a set determination of the strategy, to make the plan of action relatable and more personal to the potential target market. The strategies should be more relevant to the brand and also keeping in mind the consumers. Another feature of the marketing strategies is that it should be timely and should be done when it makes more sense. For example, if the company sells umbrellas then it is the monsoons that the company should target to market the products or just before the season sets in man (Buil, De Chernatony and Martnez 2013). Overview of Amazon With the popularity of internet in the common household, Jeff Bezos founded Amazon in the year 1994. At that point of time he operated from his house garage in Seattle and use to deal only in books. In many of his interviews he has stated that it was his passion for technology and his loves for reading lead him to conceptualize the idea of selling books online. In June 2017, Jeff Bezos was given the title of the world richest. Amazon today is one of the most popular multinational companies in the world. It has pioneered n the e-commerce sector and has been setting benchmark since inception. The views, ideologies and the principle of an organization directly reflect on the image of the brand and so do with Amazon. The logo of Amazon has a unique design and reflects a lot of inner meaning. The Arrow beneath the name directs from A-Z meaning that on their platform any kind of products is available. Bezos said that he chose the name Amazon because it means exotic and different. Initially the company was named Cadabra and then it was changed in the year 1995. Amazon is regarded s third largest Information and Technology Company in the world and the largest online retailer (amazon.com 2017). Amazon is also a cloud service provider and Amazon web services launched its first offering in the year 2006. It was initialized to provide online services for the website and the client-side applications. Project Objective The objective of this project is to analyse the marketing plan and the brand marketing strategies used by the e-commerce giant Amazon to enahnece the sales and expand the business. Project scope The scope of this report is to find new and innovative marketing strategies understaken by Amazon. The useage of digital media and traditional media plans to market and promote e-commerce. And in the process to understand the branding and the brand image of Amazon. Literature Review According to Brown and Dant 2014, big multinational organizations and companies realize that the consumers of their products or services are not similar in nature and their desires form the brand are different and hence, can be clubbed into market segments that are best dealt by various marketing channels. In the report Erragcha and Romdhane 2014, states that marketing is a dynamic concept it has to be changed and upgraded according to the requirements of the consumers, upgradation of technology, market expansion of the organization. Marketing has evolved from creating and developing brand value to be more customers centric in the approach to finally focusing on the increment of the business capital. According to the authors the marketing strategies have now more focus o digital social network. The duo indicates in the paper that the marketing strategies are now becoming more interactive with the consumers and that is more advantageous than the traditional ways of marketing. It is also comparatively cost effective than any other source. The authors say that the companies are now bound to team up with their customers, employees, partners, and investors in order to keep up with the dynamic change of the marketing system. All these parties should be aware of what role they play. The new age of digital marketing enables more transparency and consistency of the brands and the organizations. They say that strategic communication is no longer a question of persuasive or conversational; it has become immersive in nature. Marketing and branding depends largely on the scale of the business and the industry that the business is operating in. the other factors are dependent on these two as cost of marketing is directly dependent on the scale of business. According to Huang and Sarigll 2014, brand awareness is the recall value of the brand in the minds of the consumers or potential consumers. They discuss that brand awareness hardly depends on time or changes with the change in time. In addition to that they also mention that there is a correlation in between brand awareness and market output. The results of their findings show a positive relation. They also state that there is a optimistic relation between brand awareness and brand value hence brand awareness is closely related to the mindset of the customers. If the customers are not aware of the existence of the brand then the value or the equity associated with the brand has no importance. Marketing does not create a brand for the organization it helps create strategic communication and plans to build the image of the brand and to help it evolve in the future. According to Khan 2014, marketing mix forms the base of marketing it is a conceptualized by making use of controllable marketing tools that a business organization can use to develop a preferred response in the from the targeted consumer base. There are four Ps in a marketing mix product, price, place and promotion. In this paper the author discusses the dynamic growth of the concept of Ps in the marketing mix. From the 4 Ps concepts now it h as developed to even 8 Ps. In this paper he mentions the advantages of the concept; he says that the proper implementation of the mix can change the competitive position of a brand. The Ps of the marketing mix is helps an organization to build the base for the marketing strategy. Product: The product or service that the organization has to offer to the consumers has to be of good quality. No amount of promotion or marketing can fix make profit for the company if the product offered is not up to the mark. It is also important to create the brand image. Price: the price of the product or service has to set keeping in mind the category of the product, the target market for the product and the cost of production incurred by the company. Place of distribution: the availability of the product in the place where the target market resides is very crucial for sales. The place of distribution is something that has to be decided by themanagement of the organization from beforehand and place the products in such a way that the potential consumers are attracted towards the product and avail it. Lastly promotion: this is one of the main features of market that helps in the aw areness and the growth of the business. It is due to promotion potential customers and the target market of the product is able to know about the existence of the product. For example, television advertisement of soap brand. It is the way for the organization to communicate with the end customers. Amazon is the pioneer in e-commerce and recently the stocks of Amazon has soared high making the owner of the firm worlds richest person. Amazon uses demographic and psychographic segmentation as to reach the target market (Quigley 2015). Haucap and Heimeshoff 2014, the authors discuss about the reasons that drive the competition in the internet market. Internet is almost ubiquitous with its infinite reach and hence the calculation of the competition is difficult in this case. Competition between the online applications is characterized by direct and indirect network effects, reformation costs, goodwill effects, and the size of the scale. Budzinski and Khler 2015, Said that Amazon is often said to be dominant because of its the relevance of its market in any sector and also because of its presence. The authors said that with the help of predatory pricing and monopolization, Amazon has cancelled its competitors in the retail market. They say it is a possibility that Amazon purposely lets go of the profit to first monopolize the market and then exploit customers by raising price. The pricing strategies of Amazon also raise distress among the market place of its business. Amazon behaves in two folds one form the buyers or customers end and the other from the seller end they allow a platform for the vendors to sell their items in Amazon just like in a shopping mall. According to Zhao et al. 2015, The way to maximize the discount is to foretell the consumers willingness-to-pay (WTP) that is the maximum price that the customer is willing to pay for a particular product. Chaudhari 2015, in this paper the authors discuss about how the mobile technologies like tablets or smart phones have helped market like Amazon to develop free application and increase the channel of sales. Because the platform of Amazon has the server on both the buyers and the sellers it has a growth of two folds as well. There are now thousands of entrepreneurs who have built businesses and sell products and services on Amazon. Together, these retailerswho operate as complementors to the platformscreate significant value. Amazon chose to use the data with the third party products instead of using some other way to independently process these products (Zhu and Liu 2016). The marketing strategies of the platform are also two folds. In many interviews owner of Amazon has discussed how he wants to give small and medium industries a chance to grow and Amazon is a platform where they can sell their items and focus on growing in the long run. Amazon has a view of building an image of mutual benefit through the marketing strategies be it for the buyer end or the seller end (Sharma 2015). Conclusion The literature that has been gather concludes that there is cocept of marketing mix is goign to from the base of the research. Amazon is the pioneer and the benchmark organistion in the e-commerce sector. 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